KOREAN
bariey
▣ Varietal improvement
The most important goal in crop improvement of barley and wheat cultivars is to make their maturity earlier feasible for the double cropping system with rice in Korea . Maturing dates have dramatically become advanced from June 17 to June 7 in barley, and from June 30 to June 15 in wheat. Their grain yields increased from 3.5 ~ 3.7 to 5.8 ~ 6.1 ton/ha.
▣ Development of waxy barley cultivars with high quality for cooking with rice
Generally, barley grain should be boiled before cooking with rice due to its low expansibility compared with rice. This drawback of normal barley cultivars was improved in the development of two new varieties , Chalbori and Chalssalbori, by the introduction of waxy gene. Compared with normal barley, Chabori grains absorb water rapidly and expand more when cooked. These types of waxy barley cultivars might be cooked with rice without pre-boiling. Appearance of the waxy barley grains after cooking (i.e., boiling with rice in water) was glossy and moist. Their taste was better than the normal barley grains when cooked. Those waxy barley grainscontain more dietary fiber components including β-glucan which prevents cholesterol accumulation in humans.
▣ Development of cultivation technologies through labor - saving mechanization
Development of mechanized working system in barley - rice cropping in a large scale decreased production cost and increased yield. Farmer's total income increased as a result of bulk-management of barley grains after harvest, packing in consumer-friendly small bags, and active marketing
| Item | Conventional area(A) | Mechanized area(B) | (B/A)x100(%) |
| Yield(ton/ha) | 4.02 | 4.81 | 120% |
| Labor(hrs/ha) | 131 | 74 | 56% |
| Production cost(won/ha) | 2,556 | 2,342 | 92% |
| Income(1000won/ha) | 1,883 | 3,432 | 182% |
▣ Development of technologies for simultaneous operation of barley sowing and rice harvesting
Rice harvesting and barley sowing have been quite often competitive for practicing rice - barley cropping system in the paddy field. Barley has been often sown in the paddy field later than normal sowing date in the double cropping system with rice. In addition, barley sowing may be further delayed when it rains at the seed-sowing time so that Paddy field condition is not good for barley sowing. In order to reduce farming labors and to resolve the overlapping farm works between rice and barley, a specific farming machine and related technologies were developed with which rice harvesting and barley sowing could be simultaneously Performed in the field.
| Item | Sowing method | |
| Conventional | Barley sowing and rice harvest at the same time | |
| Sowing time (hrs/ha) |
16(100%) | 5(31%) |
| Yield(ton/ha) | 4.6(100% | 4.4(96%) |
