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Rural Development Administration National Institute of Crop Science

Progress of breeding

Progress of breeding

 

1. Breeding and Genetics
Peanut breeding received little attention in Korea prior to the 1960s. For peanut improvement programs major emphasis has been placed on the development of cultivars with higher kernel yields, good flavor and desirable charcteristics to the roasted and confectionery. Breeding for tolerance and resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses has been receiving much effort as well. The incorporation of resistance genes to the leafspots and web blotch into adapted cultivars has become a major goal of Korean peanut breeding programs.
Kernel size had a higher estimate of heritability than did kernel yield. However, estimates of broad sense heritability were low for all traits of economic importance. The estimates of broad sense heritability for yield and pods per plant were higher for the later generations. The estimates of narrow sense heritability were around 70% for oil content, shelling percentage and kernel yield. Selection for increased in pods per plant, pod weight, kernel yields. The width of pod was correlated with kernel weight. Also, estimates of broad sense heritability for kernel weight and pod length and width were high being above 70%, but low heritability estimates were observed for pods per plant, pod weight, kernels per plant, kernel weight and kernels per pod. Furthermore, lower genetic correlation between pod size and kernel yield encouraged to select both larger pods and higher kernel yields together. Broad sense heritability estimates for resistance to leafspot, pod yield, kernel weight, and oil and protein content were higher than kernel yield.