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| ΆΒ Rice history in Korea |
| Rice agriculture was introduced to the Korean peninsula from China in
the early Bronze Age and became widely dispersed throughout much of the
peninsula by the middle Bronze Age. It was postulated that there are two
routes of the introduction, which were across the West Sea and along the
Northeastern seashore China. The use of iron farming implements greatly increased the productivity in proto-three kingdoms and three kingdoms periods which were Silla, Koguryeo, and Baekje. During the subsequent periods of unified Silla and Koryeo the rice agriculture developed continuously based on traditional farming techniques of the three kingdoms period with some changes in the way of land use and taxation. The late Choseon achieved a great improvement of agricultural productivity by introducing new farming methods from China and developing techniques suitable for the Korean soil and climate. In the 20th century, the Japanese invasion and the Korean war caused the disruption of Korean traditional agriculture and serious farmine of the common people. The economic development policy in the 1960s and 1970s opened the new era self-sufficiency and surplus for the export as well. However, the continued industrialization in the 1980s resulted in the decrease of arable land and problems of environmental pollution. Moreover, the opening of international rice market under the WTO system imposes a new challenge for the Korean rice agriculture. Recently, the genome research undertakes to develop new rice of good taste and high productivity without any harm to human body. |
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| "Tongil" is the first rice variety developed from a remote cross between indica and japonica variety in the world. The variety was developed through cooperation between Korean and IRRI rice breeders in 1971. The semi-dwarf new variety has high resistance to lodging, resistance to blast and stripe virus diseases as well as high yielding potential over 5 ton per hectare in milled rice. | |
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